Bioenergy conversion technologies convert biomass-based feedstocks into energy carriers capable of meeting energy service demand. Biomass energy use has grown significantly in the last two decades, and many studies project increased supply potential and energy demand resulting from developments to improved fuel-production technologies. However, considerable uncertainty remains regarding future systems, cost and performance, technology availability, and overall decarbonization potential.
This report surveys existing literature to provide a comprehensive assessment of existing and potential alternative renewable fuel system specifications with and without optional carbon-capture systems.